Tree mortality due to mountain pine beetle in the Rocky Mountain Region.
Image credit: USDA Forest Service - Region 2 - Rocky Mountain Region, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org, CC BY 3.0 US DEED. Cropped for use.
Background
To effectively manage terrestrial invasive species, early detection and understanding spatial distribution is essential. Conventional monitoring techniques, such as ground-based and aerial surveys, are beneficial for invasive species that are already established in a region. However, these techniques cannot always detect species at immature life stages or at low population densities, resulting in an incomplete picture of the invasion. This increases the risk that invasive populations will become established and spread.
This research team proposes to use DNA barcoding to detect invasive species from a variety of samples including bird and mammal gut and fecal contents, insect traps, and pollen traps. DNA barcoding is a taxonomic method that uses genetic markers found in an organism’s DNA to identify it as belonging to a particular species. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has the potential to be a fast and cost-effective tool for monitoring and understanding the distribution of invasive species across landscapes.
Research questions
- What are the strengths and weaknesses of using eDNA to identify the presence and distribution of invasive species across habitats?
- What are the best practices for sample collection, extraction and amplification processes, and analytical methods of using eDNA for surveillance and monitoring programs for invasive species?
- Does eDNA have the ability to quantify the effectiveness of invasive species management over time?
Practical implications
This project will result in a set of eDNA sampling and processing protocols that can be used to detect arrival, monitor spread, and identify current distribution of invasive species efficiently. Researchers intend for the method to be accessible to agencies responsible for invasive species management.
Outcomes
This project began in January 2024 and is in progress for the next several years. Please check back at a later time for updates.
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